Adding machine



. March 2, 1948. B. COOPER 2,436,790

ADDING MACHINE Filed June 26, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 NVENTOR [5: BY ZWIRI06 92 %T TORNEY March 2, 1948. B, COOPER 2,436,790

ADDING MACHINE Filed June. 26, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 86 a1 85 70 73 1 1'66 I I. Z 9% I. I8 I M t1? {.13 {4'31 9 2 6 4 .10 58 6'4 INSULATION Y MATERI/7L INVENTOR BY BEAUAM/N coo/ ATTORNEY March 2, 1948.

ADD

COOPER ING MACHINE Filed June 26, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 March 2, 1948.B, COOPER ADDING MACHINE Filed June 26, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 TTDRNEYPatented Mar. 2, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ADDING MACHINEBenjamin Cooper, Jersey City, N. J.

Application June 26, 1940, Serial No. 342,505 '1 Claims. (01. 235-133)This invention relates to adding machines.

Certain features disclosed herein are disclosed in applicants copendingapplication, Ser. No. 277,006, filed June 2, 1939, for Weight recordingsystem.

Adding machines generally comprise two parts; a keyboard on whichthenumber to'be added or subtracted is setup by depressing keyscorresponding to the digits of said number, and a totalizer controlledby the depressed keys which performs the numerical operations andindicates by counter wheels on type racks the total sum of severalconsecutive additions and/or subtractions. In prior adding machines, thekeyboard and totalizer were usually incorporated into one machinebecause of the complex mechanical connections required between them.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved adding andsubtracting machine in which the keyboard and totalizing unit may belocated remotely from each other, Thus, in department stores clerks mayoperate the keyboards at the sales counters, and the totals will beautomatically recorded in a central administration department. Saidimproved adding ma chine comprises a keyboard pulsing unit, having aplurality of pulsers for pulsing separately the digits of the numbersrepresented by a plurality of depressed keys; a totalizing unit,comprising a plurality of electromagnetically actuated type wheelsresponsive to said pulses; and a circuit connecting said pulsing unitand totalizing unit, having means to add and subtract on the totalizingtype wheels the numbers represented by successive groups of pulsestransmitted by the keyboard pulsing unit.

Another object of this invention is to provide a keyboard pulsing unitfor use in an adding machine of the character described, which willtransmit electrical impulses corresponding to the digits of the numberrepresented by depressed keys on the keyboard.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide an electromagnetictotalizing counter of the character described which will respond tosuccess'ive groups of pulses representing the digits of numbers, foradding 'orsubtracting.v said numbers.

Still another object of "this invention is to provide, with a totalizingcounter of the character described, means for obtaining printed recordsof the totalizing counter total whenever desired by the operator.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide a totalizing counterof the character described which can be readily reset to zero forstarting a new series of arithmetical operations.

In totalizing counters of the character described, means must beprovided for advancing a succeeding digit wheel when any wheel isrotated through zero. When adding, each time a digit wheel is advancedthrough zero the succeeding wheel must be advanced one digit; and whensubtracting, each time a wheel is reversed through zero the succeedingwheel must be retarded one digit. In prior adding machines the transferof digits is accomplished by mechanical interconnection between thewheels. It is a still further object of this invention, therefore, toprovide an adding and subtracting counter of the character described inwhich the transferring of digits from one wheel to the next isaccomplished electrically, without any mechanical connection betweensaid wheels.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a device of thecharacter described which shall be relatively inexpensive tomanufacture, positive in operation and yet practical and efficient to ahigh degree in use.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious, and in part behereinafter pointed out.

This invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,combination of elements, and arrangement of parts which will beexemplified in the construction hereinafter described, andof which thescope of application will be indicated in the following claims:

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 illustrates a top elevational View of the keyboard pulsing unitembodying the invention;

Fig. 2 illustrates a side elevational view of the structure shown inFig. 1, with part of the keyboard panel removed to show the interiorconstruction;

Fig. 3 illustrates a view of the adding and subtracting actuating levertaken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 represents a rear view of the structure shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the pulser units;

Fig. 7 is another perspective view of said pulser units;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of one of the digit keys;

Fig. 9 is a rear elevational view of said digit k y;

Fig, 10 is a rear view of the totalizing unit;

Fig. 11 is a bottom elevational View of the structure shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a side elevational View of the structure shown in Fig. 10; 1

Fig. 13 is a partial front elevational view of the digit wheels inadding position;

Fig. 14 is a partial front elevational view of the digit wheels insubtracting position; and

Fig. 15 is a schematic drawing of the electrical circuit connecting thekeyboard and the totalizing unit.

The adding machine described herein, and embodying the invention,comprises a keyboard pulsing unit K, illustrated in Figs. 1 through 9, atotalizing counter T, illustrated in Figs. 10 through 14, and anelectrical circuit E connecting said keyboard K and totalizer ,T andillustrated schematically in Fig. 15.

The keyboard Referring in detail to Figs. 1 and 4, the keyboard pulser Kcomprises a horizontal rectangularly shaped base Ill, having attachedthereto four upwardly extending vertical legs ,I I, l2, l3 and 14,disposed one adjacent each corner of said base. Attached to the legs l2,l4 are vertical side plates l5, ll, respectively. The plate I! is longerthan plate l5 and extends upwardly above said plate. Attached betweenthe top edge of plate l5 and plate IT is a horizontal shelf 20. Alsoattached to the plate l1, and spaced outwardly therefrom on the sideopposite the plate I5, is a parallel plate l9 attached to said plate Hby spacers I 8 and ma.

The front leg I l is attached to side plate ll by a horizontal sidestrap 2i and leg I3 is attached to side plate l5 by a similar horizontalside strap I6. The front legs H and I3 are further fastened together bya, transverse strap 22, thus forming a rigid supporting structure.Attached to the side straps l6, 2!, and extending traversely across thetop of side straps adjacent the rear legs [2, I4, is a horizontal crossarm 23.

Longitudinally positioned within said supporting structure is a pair ofsimilar key guide boxes 24, 24a, 24b, etc. Only the first two boxes, 24,24a, are disclosed. Each box comprises an upper longitudinal horizontalguide plate 25 fastened to arms 22, 23.

Rigidly attached to plate 25, as by vertical arms ZE, 21, is a parallellower guide plate 28. The plates 25 and 23 are formed with preferablyten slots 29, 35 in vertical alignment, Figs. 2 and v8, theslots 30being slightly wider than the slots 29. Slidably attached to said lowerguide plate 28, as by guide studs 3!, 32 is a horizontal locking plate33 having longitudinal slots to receive said studs. The plate 33 is alsoformed with ten slots 34 of the same width as the slots 30 and alignedtherewith. Saidplate 33 is normally urged to the left, looking at Fig. 2of the drawin by a coil compression spring 35 interposed between an ear33a, on plate 33, and the arm 25.

Slidably received in each group of vertically aligned slots 29, 35 and34, is the shank 3'! of a key 36, Figs. 8 and 9, having attached to thetop thereof a finger knob 38, having marked thereon the digitrepresented by the key. The shank 3'! is formed with a vertical slot 39,and also has integral therewith and near the bottom thereof a stop 45formed with an inclined edge 4! and a top horizontal edge 42. Alsointegrally attached to said shank 31 is a collar 43. A coil compressionspring 44, interposed between said collar 43 and plate 28, normallyurges said key upwardly. There is further, attached to the arms 26, 21,a horizontal longitudinal bar 45 passing through the slots 39 of all thekeys 36 in the key guide box 24. Said bar 45 serves as a stop to limitthe upward movement of the keys 36 by the spring 44, and also acts as afurther guide for maintaining said keys in vertical position.

When a key 36 is depressed, the inclined edge 4| of the correspondingstop 40 engages the edge of slot 34 moving locking plate 33 to the rightagainst the tension of spring 35. When the key is completely depressedstop 4!] has passed beneath the slot 34 releasing plate 33 andpermitting said plate to be returned to the left by spring 35, thuslocking the horizontal edge 42 of said stop beneath said locking plate35 for maintaining said key in depressed position. If a second key ofthe same key guide box is subsequently depressed, as for example tocancel an error, the initial movement to the right of plate 35 releasesthe first depressed key and the return movement to the left locks thesecond key so that two keys cannot unintentionally remain depressedsimultaneously.

Received in horizontally aligned holes in the legs II, I3 is atransverse shaft 46 having pivotally mounted thereon two arms 41, 41a,positioned below and in vertical alignment with the key guide boxes 24,240., respectively. Said arms 47, 47a have at their free ends upwardlyextending pawls 48, 48a, respectively, for purposes hereinafterappearing. There is further attached to the plate 20, and extendingdownwardly therefrom, a guide plate 49 formed with vertical grooves 49aslidably receiving the arms 41, 41a for maintaining said arms inlongitudinal alignment. Attached between the plate 49 and the arms 41,41a are coil tension springs 50, 50a, respectively, normally urging saidarms in a counterclockwise direction.

The pulsing units a cam 5'1, also provided with preferably nine steps 53on its circumferential face. Said steps 58 encompass the samecircumferential angle as the teeth 55, but are formed in ascendingheights, whereby said cam has a stepped spiral shape. Connected betweenthe cams 51 and the shaft 5! are coil spiral springs 59. Also rigid witheach cam 51 and projecting outwardly therefrom is a stud 60. Cooperatingwith said stud 60, in a manner to be hereinafter described, is a pin SIeemed integral; with andfproiecting radially from shaft The pulsingunits: 53-,- 53a;are disposed? on the shaft'5li so that the cams.5'Iiare vertically-above the pawls' 48, 48a; and in position tohavetheir steps engaged therewith.

There is further fastened between the vertical legs. I2; l4,contactmounting panel 82'having mountedthereon, and insulated-therefromand fromieach othentwopairs ofnorma-lly 0138110011? tacts63, 64 and 63a,64a, etc; Said contacts are positionedto beengaged. andsclosed by theteeth 55- of pulsing discs 54 of the: respective pulsers 53, 5311., sothat'when said disc" 54 is rotated, in a" manner-to be hereinafterdescribed, the corresponding contact arms. are :pressed together eachtime: a teeth 55 of said disc 54 moves by said' contact arms.

Means is-providedi to rotate shaft 5| in a counter-clockwise direction,looking at Figs. 2 and 5, for causing disc 54 to be rotated foractuating said'jpulser. switches-63, 64 and 63a, 64a. To this end, thereis mounted on the horizontal plate 20, a motor 65" of any suitable typeand having a horizontal output shaft 66 projecting through an aperture.in plate 11 and connected to the input side of acne-revolution clutch61. The output shaft 68 of said clutch is journaled in plate 19.- andhas a portion thereof projecting through said. plate beyond the outsideface thereof.

The onerevolution: clutch B1 may-beef any suitable type, having aradially. extending ear 69. When said can is; restrained from moving ina counter-clockwise direction, looking-at-Fig. 5; in a, manner tobeexplained herewith, the mechanismwithin said clutch S7 is released forpreventing transmission of the rotation of shaft 66 to shaft 68.However, when said ear 69 is released the clutch mechanism becomesactuated for engaging the two shafts and allowing rotation of the shaft66 to also rotate the shaft 68. One-revolution clutches of thischaracter are known and old to the art.

Rigidly mounted on shaft 68, and disposed adjacent the clutch 61', is acam 10. Cooperating withsaid cam is a crank;15, pivoted to plate [1, asat 14, one arm-of which isin the form of a gear sector engaging thepinion 52. Said crank 15 also has an upwardly extending arm 17 carryingrotatably mounted at its upper end a horizontal roller 18 engaging theperipheral edge of the cam 10. A spring 19 attached between said arm 11-and the plate- I! tensions said roller in contact with the edge of saidcam Ii There is further'provided, mounted to the plate l1, ablock 8!having therein a vertical through opening: 82 rotatably receiving a stud83. Said stud 83 has a horizontal projection 84 at its bottom endengaging the ear-B9 of the clutch 6?. The .top end-of. said stud-'83 hasrigid therewith a horizontal transversepin 85, one end of which isconnected to the wall. I! by a spring 86 for urgingsaid stud to pivot inacounter clockwise direction, against. a; stopBficr-on block 8i, lookingat Fig. 1 of the drawing, for maintaining the projection 84- inengagement with the car 69 of the clutchii'l. Pivoted tothe plate; 1?,as at 8'1, is a vertical arm 88whose top end engagesthe pin 85.Pivotally connected tothe side strap 2|, Fig. 3, as at 89a is a lever 89having at oneend anadditionkey 90. The other end of said lever 89comprises a downwardly extending arm. 9i connected by link 92 to thelower end of arm 88.

6 Theilink' 92 is. connected to plate I! by-a coil tension-spring 93.

The motor 65 isconstantly excited from any suitable power source so thatthe shaft 66 continually rotates in a counter-clockwise direction. Whenthe key 90 is depressed the link 92 is moved upwardly pivoting'arm 88 ina counter-clockwise direction forrocking the stud 83 to move theprojection 84 and release the ear 69, thus per mitting-the shaft 68 tobe rotated by the motor 65. When said key 90 is released the stud 83 isreturned to normal position by the spring 88 thus returning theprojection 84 into the path of the ear 69 so that when clutch 6'! hascompleted'one revolution the ear 69 again engages theprojection 84 forstopping the shaft 68.

It isseen that when shaft 68 is rotated in a counter-clockwise directionthe segment 15 is rotated clockwisely by the action of cam fill, andshaft 51 is also consequently oscillated first in a counter-clockwisedirection and then returned clockwisely. Said cam 10 is so proportionedthat when the reversing point of said cam passes the r'oller 18 theshaft 5! will have been rotated one complete revolution. The continuedmotion of'shaft 68 pivots segment 15 in the reverse or counter-clockwisedirection, looking at Fig. 2 of the drawing, so that shaft 5| isreturned one revolution in a clockwise direction.

It is therefore understood that each actuation of the addition key tilresults in an oscillation of the shaft 5|; first one revolution in acounterclockwisedirection, and then returning one revolutioninthe'clockwise direction.

The operation of the keyboard and pulsing units The operation of thekeyboard will now be de scribed when an addition is to be performed.First the keys 36 are depressed corresponding to the number to be added.Referring to Figs. 2 and 5, it is seen that the shanks 31 of the keys 36are ofdifierent lengths. When a key 35 is depressed the correspondingshank 31 engages the arms 41 pivoting said arm clockwisely against thetension of spring 59, and moving pawl 48 downwardly.

The lengths of shanks 31 are so proportioned that the angle throughwhich the arm 4! i pivoted is proportional to the digit represented bythe depressed key. Furthermore, the distance which pawl 48 movesdownwardly, when lowered by the depression of any key, is equal to thedigit represented by the key, multiplied by the height of each step ofthe cam 51'.

The angle determines the number of pulses which hence corresponds to thedigit on the depressed key.

Although shaft 51 oscillates for a complete revolution, back and forth,the pulsers 53, 53a move only through an angle determined by the key,and the pulser pulses a number of times equal to the digit on said key.

After the number has been set up on the keyboard, the addition key Si)is depressed causing shafts 68 and 5! to be rotated. As shaft 5! isrotated counterclcckwisely, the pulsing discs 5d will also be rotatedcounter-clockwisely through the spring 59, moving the said pulsing discspast the respective witches 53, 64 and 53a, 54a, etc., and causing saidswitches to be pulsed as heretofor described. However, as each cam 57rotates, one cf'its steps 53 will be engaged by the corresponding pawl.43, 48a preventing further rotation of said cam 5i and pulsing disc-54.The step which engages thepawl is determined by the key which'has beendepressed, as the position of the pawl 48 is determined by the depressedkey. As shaft I continues to complete its revolution, after cam 51 hasstopped rotating, the spring 59 will absorb the additional movement andbecome tensioned.

' For example, if the digit key number 7 were depressed, lever 41 wouldbe rotated to such a position that pawl 48 would engage the seventh stepof cam 51 thus permitting the disc 54 to be rotated an amountcorresponding to the seven notches thereof and closing arms 63, 64 seventimes.

Upon the reverse, or clockwise, rotation of shaft 5| the pin 60 willbecome engaged by the stud 6| for rotating said pulser discs 54, 54a,etc. back to normal position after the pulsing is completed. On thereturn motion of said discs, the pulsingswitches 63, 94, etc. are againclosed. As will hereinafter be described, the pulsing switches duringthe return motion of the said discs will not be connected in a pulsingcircuit.

Means is provided to release the digit keys depressed after thecompletion of the pulsing oper ation. To this end there is provided,rigidly attached to the shaft 68 adjacent the outside face of plate I9,a disc II carrying an inwardly extending stud I2. Also pivoted to plateII, as at 94a, is a lever 94 having a hooked upper end disposed in thepath of said stud. There is further pivoted to the side straps 2 I, I6 aplate 95 engaging the rearward upturned ends 332) of the looking plates33 of the key guide boxes 24, 24a, etc. Said plate 95 is connected tothe lower end of arm 94 by a link 96. I

The pin I2 is so positioned on disc II to engage the arm 94 just beforethe shaft 68 completes its revolution whereby lever 94 is rockedcounter-clockwisely, looking at Fig. 2, after the pulsing operation isterminated, moving link 96 to the right and pivoting plate 95counter-clockwisely. The locking plates 34 are consequently moved to theright releasing the stops 40 of the depressed keys 36 and permittingsaid keys to be returned to normal position by the springs 44. The lever94 is released by pin I2 just as the shaft 68 completes its revolution,thus permitting the locking plates 34 to return to the left under theinfluence of springs 35 and resetting the key guide boxes for subsequentreactuation.

As heretofore described, if after th digit keys are depressed and beforethe addition key is actuated, the depressed key in any column may bechanged by subsequently depressing a second key in the same column,whereby the first depressed key is automatically returned to normalposition. However, means is provided to return all the depressed keys tonormal position after the addition key is depressed and the pulsestransmitted.

Means is also provided to energize an electric coil, to be describedhereinafter, when a sub-' traction operation is to beperformed. To thisend there is mounted on the vertical leg I I a pair of normally opencontact arms 91, 98, insulated therefrom and from each other, extendingrearwardly from said leg. Also pivoted to said leg I I is ahorizontalarm 99 normally urged upwardly by a spring I09 interconnected with thearm. Said arm 99 carries aninsulating stud I01, positioned to engage thecontact arm 91. Said arm 99 also has at its free end a projection I00and a downwardly extending hook IOI. Positioned below projection I00 isa stud I02 integral with the lever 89, adapted to be contacted by saidfinger when arm 99 is depressed. Slidablyfastened to the leg II, as bybracket I03, is a hollow cylinder I04 carrying therein a small bolt I05projecting through an aperture in one end of said cylinder. Said boltI05 is tensioned against the end of said cylinder I04 by acoil'compression spring I06.

The cylinder I04 is connected to the link 96 by an arm I08.

When the subtraction arm 99 is depressed, the projection I00 engagesthe' pin I02 on arm 89 for depressing'the adding lever 89' for releasingthe clutch 61 and actuating the pulsing switches 63, 64 and 63a, 64a, asheretofore described. Also, the projecting stud I 01 on arm 99 movescontacts 97, 98 into engagement. During the downward movement of hookIOI the bolt I05 is engaged by said hook IOI, and is moved'to the right,looking at Fig. 3, to permit said hook to pass on its downward motion.When said subtraction lever 99 is released it is returned upwardly bythe spring I09 a suflicient distance to release the adding arm 89.However, the subtraction lever 99 is not completely returned to normalposition since the hook I0l becomes engaged beneath the bolt I05. Thus,the contacts 91, 99 are maintained in closed position.

After the pulsing operation is completed and the arm 94 is pivoted forreleasing the keys 36, the cylinder I06 is simultaneously moved to theright by link I08. The hook IOI is released from engagement with thebolt I05, permitting thesu'btraction arm 99 to be completely returned tonormalposition for opening the contacts 91, 98.

There is further mounted on the plate I9, in any suitable manner,insulated therefrom and from each other, a pair of normally open contactarms I I 0, II I. Means is provided to close said contact arms I I0, III during the time crank I5 is actuated and returns to normal. To thisend, there is provided, fastened to the end of shaft 58, a cam I3.Contact arm III carries at its end an insulating stud I I2 engaging theperipheral edge, with said-cam 73. Referring to Fig. 2, it will be seenthat during the initial movement of the shaft 68, said insulating studII 2 is engaged by cam I3 for moving the contact arm III into engagementwith the arm H0. However, during the last part of the motion of shaft 68said insulating stud H2 is released by said cam II for opening saidcontact arms H0, III. The cam I3 is so proportioned that the contactarms III], III are maintained in closed position when the pulsing discsare initially rotated, and said contacts are opened during the portionof therevolution of shaft 68 in which the pulsing discs are beingreturned to normal position.

The operations of the pulsing unit K are accordingly performed in thefollowing sequence: First the keys 35 are depressed by the keyboardoperator for indicating the number to be added or subtracted. If thenumber is to be added, the addition key is then depressed by theoperator for releasing the shaft 08 and rotating the shaft 5| to causethe corresponding pulsing switches 63, 64 and 63a, 64a to be actuatedfor pulsing the digits corresponding tothe keys depressed. Aftercompletion of the pulsing operation the arm 94 is pivoted for releasingthe keys and resetting the keyboard. If the number indicated on thekeyboard is to be subtracted, the subtraction key is depressed by theoperator thereby closing the contacts 97, 98 in addition to actuatingthe pulsing units 53, 53a for transmitting pulses representing thenumber set up on the keyboard.. I

9 :The accumulator Referring to Figs. 10, 11 and 12, there isillustrateda totalizing unit T comprising a mounting frame I25 having ahorizontal base I26, and integral therewith and extending upwardly fromthe edge thereof, a vertical front wall I21. Integrally fastened betweenthe side edges of front wall I21 and the horizontal wall I26 are a pairof parallel vertical side walls I28, I29. Wall I28 has a portion I30projecting downwardly below the base I26. Fastened to the bottom surfaceof base I26 and projecting downwardly therefrom is a flange I3I paralleland similar to the portion I33 of the side wall I28. Also integrallyfastened to the horizontal base I26 at the back portion thereof, is adownwardly extending contact mounting panel I32.

Rigidly mounted to base I26 are three similar upright electromagneticsolenoids, A, B, and C. Solenoids A and C are disposed side by side, ad-J'acent the front wall I21, and the solenoid B is mounted behindsolenoid A.

Each solenoid, A, B, and 0, comprises a U- shaped frame having a frontvertical wall I33, a bottom wall I34, and arear vertical wall I35parallel to wall I33. Rigidly attached to the bottom wall I34, andextending vertically upwardly between the walls I33, I 35, is a solenoidcore I36 having an actuating coil I31 thereabout.

Integral with the top edge of said front wall I 33, and projecting tothe rear over the coil I31, is a stop I40. The front wall I33 alsocarries at its upper portion a pair of similar rearwardly extending earsI38, I39, one on wall. 'Said ears I38, I39 are formed with a pair ofhorizontally aligned holes receiving therein a shaft I4I to which therear solenoid wall is attached, as at I 35a. Pivotally mounted on saidshaft MI is a bell crank member I42 having a downwardly extending armI43 adjacent the ear I38 and projecting below the base I26. Said bellcrank I42 also comprises a horizontal plate portion I44 overlying thesolenoid core I36, and an arm I45 extending downwardly therefromadjacent the ear I39. Connected between the arm I45 and the frontsolenoid wall I33 is a spring I43 urging bell crank member I42 to pivotin a counter-clockwise direction, looking at Fig. 12 of the drawing, tonormally tension plate I44 against the stop I40.

'The crank arm I43 has integral therewith, at approximately the level ofthe base I26, a rearwardly projectingstud I41 of insulating material.The bottom of said arm I43 has pivoted thereto a. pawl I48, normallyurged to rotate in a clockwise direction, looking at Fig. 12 of thedrawing, bye, spring I49 attached between thepawl and arm I43.

Solenoid A has mounted on its rear wall I35 and'positioned directlybehind the arm I43, four vertical contact arms AI50, AII, AI52, andAI53, insulated from said wall and from each other. The arms AI5I, AI52are fastened mechanically at their lower ends by an insulating spacerI56, Arm AI5Il normally contacts arm AI5I. When coil AI31 of solenoid Ais energized, plate I44 is attracted downwardly toward the core I36pivoting arm 143 in a counter-clockwise direction, looking at Fig. 12,and moving stud I41 to the left. Said stud I41 is positioned to engagethe arm AI 5| for moving the contacts AI5I, Al52 to the left, openingthe normally closed arms AI50, AI5I, mally open contacts AI 52, AI 63.

either sid of said and closing the noroutside the flange I3I,

Solenoid B similarly has a crank arm I43, car rying a pawl BI48 at itsbottom end. There are also mounted on the rear wall of solenoid B, fivecontact arms, BI53, BI5I, BI52, Bl53, and BI54, disposed similarly tothe contact arms of solenoid A. The contacts BI50, BISI and contactsBI52, BI 64 are normally in engagement, but are opened when the arm I43of solenoid B is pivoted by energization of coil BI31. The normally opencontacts B I 52, BI53 are brought into engagement when the coil isenergized.

Similarly solenoid C has a crank arm I43, carrying a pawl CI 48 at itsbottom end. The arm M3 controls four contact arms Cl5fl, CI5I, CI54 andCI52, of which the contacts CI50, CI5I and the contacts CI54, CI52 arenormally in engagement, but which are opened upon energization ofsolenoid C.

Received between a pair of horizontally aligned holes in the flangesI30, I3I is a transverse shaft I51 carrying rotatably mounted thereonthree digit Wheels AI58, BIES and CI58, having equidistantly spacedabout their circumferential edge the ten digits from 1 to 0. Each wheelalso carries rigidly attached thereto, two concentric gears I53 and I66.

Means is provided to advance the digit wheels AI58, BI53 and CI58 onedigit upon each actuation of the respective solenoids A, B, and C. Tothis end, there is mounted between the flanges I30, I3I a shaft I6!carrying, rotatably mounted thereon, three ratchet wheels AI62, BI62 andCI62. Rigidly fastened to each ratchet wheel and two concentric gears I63, $4.

Also receiving by the flanges I30, I3I is e, horizontal shaft I64a,carrying three gears I65. The gears 53 on shaft I51 are enmeshed withthe respective gears I63 on shaft I6l, through gears I65.

Referring to Fig. 10, the ratchet wheels A562,, .BI62 and CI62 arepositioned on shaft I6I in alignment with the pawls Ai lS, BN8 and CI48,respectively, each ratchet wheel being engaged by the correspondingpawl.

Referring to Fig. 12, it is seen that when any solenoid A, B, or C isenergized its pawl Al i-8, BI48 or CI48 is moved to the left engagingthe succeeding tooth of the corresponding ratchet I62. When the solenoidis de-energized the pawl I48 is returned to the right by spring 46,advancing the ratchet wheel one-tenth of a revolution, in a clockwisedirection. The corresponding gears I63, I65 and I 56 are consequentlyrotated one tenth of a revolution in the counterclockwise direction andthe corresponding digit wheel is rotated one-tenth of a revolution inthe clockwise, or forward direction, for advancing said digit wheel onedigit.

Subtracting operations Means is also provided for causing the digitwheels to be reversed one digit on each actuation of the correspondingsolenoid, when a subtracting operation is to be performed. To this endthere is provided, mounted to the base I26, a small auxiliary solenoidD, comprising a horizontal core I66 and a coil I61 thereabout. Pivotedto said base I23 is an arm I63 controlled by the core I66 so that whenthe coil I3? is energized the arm IE8 is attracted thereto for pivotingsaid arm in a clockwise direction, looking at Fig. '10. Rigid with theshaft I51, and disposed is a collar I63 engaged by the lower end of armI68, so that when solenoid D is energized shaft I51 is moved to theleft, looking at Fig. 10. A coil compression spring I10.

' sized in a manner to 11 connected'between shaft'I 51 and'the flangeI39, normally urges said shaft to the right when solenoid D is notenergized.

As shaft I51 ismoved to the left, under the influence of solenoid D, thegears I59 mounted on said shaft, are moved out of engagement with thegears I65. At the same time, the gears I69 are moved into engagementwith the respective gears I64. I

Fig. Millustrates a front view of the digit and ratchet wheels, with theshaft I51 shown in the position to which it is moved by the solenoid Dwhen said solenoid is energized. It is seen that, under such condition,the gears I59, I65 are disengaged, whereas the gears I69, I64 are inmesh. Each time any ratchet wheel is advanced in a clockwise direction,as heretofore explained, the corresponding gear I64 is also advancedclockwisely, rotating the corresponding gear I69 counterclockwisely,and-retracting the corresponding digit wheel one digit. By shiftingtheshaft I51, the idler gears I65 are made inoperative, and thedirection of rotation of the digit wheels are reversed.

It is therefore seen that, for addition, each actuation of a ratchetwheel advances the cor responding digit wheel one digit, the drive beingfrom the ratchets AI62, BI62 or CI62, through the corresponding gearsI63, I65, I59, to the digit wheel. For subtracting, the solenoid D isenerbe hereinafter explained, so that the drive for each digit wheelcomes from the ratchet wheels directly through gears I64, I69 to v thedigit wheels, thus reversing the rotation of said wheels.

Mounted to a bracket 294, fastened to the lower end of base I26, are sixdownwardly extending contact arms I1I, I12, I13, I14, I15 and I16. Thearms I12, I15 are connected at their bottom ends by an insulating spacerI11. Arms I1I, I12 and arms I14, I15 are normally in contact. Integralwith shaft I51 is a horizontal stud I18 positioned to engage the armI12. When shaft I51 is moved to the left, under the influence ofsolenoid D, arms I12, I15 are moved out of engagement with contacts "I,I14 and are moved into engagement with contacts I13, I16, respectively.

Mounted on the panel I92 are three vertical columns of horizontalcontact arms, there being a column for each of the digit wheels AI58,BI5B and CI58. Each column of contact arms is in approximate alignmentwith its respective digit wheel.

The contact column associated with digit wheel AI58 comprises sixcontact arms AI99, AI9I, AI92, AI93, AI94 and AI95. The arms AI9I, AI92are joined together at their free end by insulating stud 295. The armsAI99, AI9I and arms AI94, AI95 are normally open, whereas the arms AI92,A193 are normally closed.

Mounted on the side flanges I39, I3I is a horizontal shaft I96 carryingtwo pivoted levers AI99 and A299. The lever AI99 has a rearwardlyextending arm AI99b carrying aninsulating stud A29 Ia, positioneddirectly below the contact arm AI92. The forward arm Al99a, of saidlever extends adjacent the side face of the digit wheel AI58- Projectingoutwardly from said face of the digit wheel is a stud 293, positioned toengage the arm AI99a when the said wheel has its zero in bottomposition. Under such condition, the lever AI99 is pivoted clockwiselyabout shaft I96, Fig. 12, moving contact arms AI9I, AI'92 upwardly,closing the arms AI99, AI9I and opening arms AI92, 'A|'93. The leverA299 similarly has a forward arm extending forwardly adjacent theopposite-edge of wheel AI58 and engages a stud 293a, similar to stud293, but positioned to engage the lever A299 when the wheel AI58 movingin adding direction has its 9 in bottom position and a rearwardlyextending arm A299b carrying an insulating stud A29Ib, positioneddirectly below contact arm AI95. When lever A299 engages the stud293athe lever A299 is pivoted clockwisely about shaft I96, Fig. 12, raisingcontact AI into engagement with contact AI94. Itis seen, therefore, thatwhen wheel AI58 moving in subtract direction, has its zero in bottomposition the normally open contacts AI99, AI9I are closed, and thenormally closed contacts AI92, AI93 are opened. When said wheel AI56moving in adding direction has its nine in bottom position, the normallyopen contacts AI 94, AI 95 are closed.

The column of contact arms, aligned with the wheel BI58, similarlycomprises normally open contact arms BI99, BI9I; normally closed armsBI92, BI93, and normally open contact arms BI94, BI95. The shaft I96carries two levers BI99, B299 similar to levers AI99, A299, andsimilarly controlled by the digit wheel BI56. When said wheel BI58 hasits zero at bottom position, the contacts BI99, BI9I are closed and thecontacts BI92, BI93 are opened. When said wheel BI58 has its nine inbottom position, the contactsBI94, BI95 are closed.

Wheel CI58 controls only two normally closed contact arms CI92,'CI93,,similar to the arms AI92, AI93. Shaft I96 carries an arm CI99 similar toarm AI99, and similarly controlled by a stud on wheel CI58 to open thearms CI92, CI93 when wheel CI58 has its zero in bottom position,

, The adding and. subtracting circuit Referring to Fig. 15, the pulsersof the keyboard unit K and the totalizer T are interconnected by anelectrical circuit E.

Means is provided to connect and disconnect the pulsing switches 63, 64,etc. in the circuit E. To this end there is provided the relay 242ahaving a coil 243a. Coil 243a is connected at one end by wires 294a and294 to contact H9, and at its other end by wires 295a, and 295 to nega-'tive power supply. Switch arm 246a is adapted to be moved intoengagement with contact 24511 when relay 242a becomes energized. Contact245a. is connected to negative power supply and arm 246a is connected bywire 299a to switch arms 64, 64a, etc.

When the addition key 99 is depressed contacts II 9-I'II are closed bythe cam 13 as heretofore described. Contact III is connected to positivepower supply. Closing the said contacts will energize relay 242a, thecircuit being through contacts II I, II9, wires294 and 294a, coil 243a,wires 295a and 295. Switch arm 246a will engage con tact 245a giving anegative polarity to the switch arms 64, 64a, etc.

As has been previously described, the said contacts H9, III will open atthe end of the pulsing operation. Relay 242a. will then be de-energizedallowing switch 246a, 245a to open, thereby dise connecting the pulsingswitches 63, 63a: etc., from the circuit E.

Means is provided in the circuit to advance the digit wheels AI58 andBI58 a number of digits equal to the number of pulsations transmitted bythe pulsing switches 63, 64 and 63a, 64a, respectively. To this end,coil AI31 controlling digit wheel AI58 has one end connected to thepositive power supply and the other end connected by wire 26I to theswitch arm 63. Arm 64is connected to negative power supply, through wire288a and switch 245a, 246a. Each time contact arms 63, 64 are broughtinto engagement, a circuit is completed through coil AI31 from negativepower supply, switch 245a, 246a wire 238a, switch 64, 63, wire 26I, coilAI31, to positive power supply, thereby advancing wheel AI58 one digit.As heretofore explained, when the addition button isdepressedswitches63, 64 will be pulsed a number of times equal to thedigitrepresented by the depressed key in the corresponding column of thekeyboard. Consequently wheel AI58 will be advanced the correspondingnumber of digits.

Similarly, the coil BI31 has one end connected I to the positive powersupply and its other end It will be understood that if neither wheel Al58 nor wheel BI58 is rotated to zero while they are being advanced bythe pulsers, the number represented by the depressed keys will be addeddirectly to the previous number on the counter wheels. However, if whilethe wheelsare being advancedany wheel should be rotated through or tozero it is necessary to advance the next succeeding wheel one digit inorder to obtain a true total.

The tens transfer circuit Means is accordingly provided to advance wheelBI58 one additional digit whenever wheel AI58 is pulsed to zero and toadvance wheel Cl58 whenever wheel BI58 is pulsed to zero. Furthermore,since the wheels AI 58, BI58 are pulsed simultaneously, means is alsoprovided for delaying the transfer of the digit from one wheel to thenext until the pulsing from the keyboard pulsers are completed and thedigit wheels are completely advanced thereby. To this end there areprovided three relays 238, 23! and 242. Relay 238 has an actuating coil232 and controls two normally open contact arms 233, 236. When the coil232 is energized the arms 233, 236 are moved into contact with the fixedcontacts 234, 235 respectively.

Relay 23I similarly has a coil 231 and controls normally open contactarms 238, 24I which move into engagement with the fixed contacts 239,240 when said relay is energized.

Relay 242 has an actuating coil 243 and controls switch arms 246, 249normally contacting the fixed contacts 244, 248. When coil 243 isenergized the arms 248, 249 are moved out of engagement with theirrespective contacts and into engagement with the fixed contacts 245, 241respectively.

Coil 243 of relay 242 is connected at one end to the negative powersupply and its other end to the contact arm H9 on the keyboard. Contactarm II I is connected to the positive power supply. Contact arms 246,249 are connected to negative power supply. Fixed contacts 244, 245 areconnected by wires 292 and 288 respectively, to the switch arms 238, 24Iof relay 23 I. The fixed con- 14 tacts 241, 248 are connected by wires289 and 293respectively,'to the switch arms 236, 233 of relay 230.

Coil 231 of relay 23I has one end connected to positive power supply andits other end connected to fixed contact 248. Contact 240'isalsoconnected by wire 286 to the switcharm I12 controlled by thesubtract'solenoid I61. Fixed contact 239 is connected by wire 290 to thecoil BI31-of solenoid B.

Coil 232 of relay 238 is connected at one end to positive power supplyand at its other end to the fixed contact 235. Said contact 235 is alsoconnected by wire 281 to the switch arm I15 controlled by the subtractsolenoid I91. Fixed contact 234 is connected by wire 29I to coil CI31.

The contact arms AI52, BI52 and CI52 are connected to negative powersupply. Contact BI54 is connected by wire 211a to switch arm 24I ofrelay 23I. Contact CI54 is connected by wire 218 to switch arm 236 ofrelay 230. Contact AI53 is connected by wire 214 to the contacts AI9Iand AI94. Contact arm AI95 is connected by wire 219 to contact I1 I.Contact Bl53 is connected by wire 216 to contacts BI9I, BI94. Switch armBI95 is connected by wire 289 to the fixed contact I14. Switch arm BI isconnected by wire 282 to the fixed contact I16.

The operation of the digit transfer circuit will now be described. Whenthe addition key 96 of the totalizer is depressed the contacts II 8, IIIon the pulser are closed by cam 13 as heretofore described, energizingrelay 242 through a circuit from positive power supply, arms II I, H8,wire 294, coil 243, wire 295, to negative power supply. Contact arms246, 249 are consequently moved into engagement with the fixed contacts245, 241, respectively. At the same time the pulsers 63, 64 and 63a, 64aare actuated for energizing the coil Al31, BI31 and advancing theirrespective digit Wheels as heretofore described.

When the wheel AI58 is advanced to 9 the contacts AI94, AI are closed.On the next energization of coil AI31 when the crank arm AI43 is pivotedfor advancing the wheel to zero, the contact arm AI 52 is broughtinto-engagement with the fixed contact AI53 (Fig. 12) thereby completinga circuit through coil 231 ofthe relay 23I from negative power supply,arm AI52, contact AI53, wire 214, contact AI94, A195, wire 219, contact"I, I12, wire 286, coil 231, to positive power supply. When relay 23Iis, energized the arms 238, 24I are brought into engagement with theirrespective fixed contacts 239, 240.

The closure of contact arm 24I completes a holding circuit for the coil231 from positive power supply, coil 231, contact 240, arm 24I, wire288, contact 245, arm 246, to negative power supply. Thus, when thecontacts AI52, AI53 are opened by the completion of the advancing ofdigit wheel Al58 to zero, relay 23I remains in energized condition.

After the pulsing operation is completed the cam 13 opens contacts H0,III, as heretofore described, deenergizing the relay 242 and disruptingthe holding circuit for relay 23I at contact 245. However, there isprovided a second holding circuit for the coil 231 from positive powersupply, coil 231, contact 240, arm 24I, wire 2114:, contact BI54, armBI52, to negative power supply. Consequently, when rela 242 is releasedthe relay 23I remains energized.

As the contact arm 246 of relay 242 re-engages the fixed contact 244, acircuit is completed for energizing coil BI31 of electromagnet B fromnegative power supply, arm 245, contact 244, wire 292, arm 238,contact'239, wire 290, coil B131, to positive power supply. Theelectromagnet B consequently pivots its crank arm 143 for advancing thedigit wheel B158 one additional digit. After crank arm 143 is pivoted,contact arm B152 is moved out of engagement with contact B154, Fig. 12,disrupting the second holding circuit for relay 231 and de-energizingsaid relay. The circuit is consequently completely reset and ready forreactuation when the next number is added from the keyboard. I

The transfer of a digit from wheel B158 to wheel C158 is accomplished ina similar manner. When wheel B153 is being advanced from 9 to zero',,relay 230 is energized through a circuit from negative power supply, armB152, contact B153, wire 216, contact B194, arm B195, wire 280, contact1'14, arm 1'15, wire 28?, coil 232, to positive power supply. Uponenergization, said relay 230 completes a holding circuit for itself frompositive power supply, coil 232, contact 235, arm 236, wire 289, contact247, arm 249, to negative power supply. After the pulsing is completed,relay 242 is de-energized and the holding circuit for relay 230 istransferred to thecircuit from negative power supply, arm C152, contactC154, wire 2'18, arm 236, contact 235, coil 242, to positive powersupply. Also when relay 242 is de-energized a circuit is completedthrough coil C 131, from positive power supply, coil C131, wire 251,contacts 234, 233, wire 293, contact 248, arm 249, to negative powersupply. As crank 143 of solenoid C is pivoted for advancingwheel C158the additional-digit, the holding circuit of relay 230 is disrupted bythe opening of contacts C152, C154. As relay 230 is d'e-energized thecircuit for coil C13? is broken at contacts 233, 234 thus restoring thecircuit to normal position after the digit has been transferred.

A carry on a carry takes place as follows: Assuming the addition ofnumbers '75 and 27, the addition of the 7 and the 2 is simply one ofpulsing which will set up the tens digit wheel at 9. While this is goingon, the 5 and the 7 are being added and, as the digit wheel passes from9 to 0, a transfer count is stored in relays 235 and 242 as explainedabove. Upon completion of the pulsing, this count is transferred to thetens wheel, moving it from 9 to 0. In doing so, a circuit is set up from'negative through arm BE 52, B153, wire 215, B194, B595, wire 255, arms155,175, wire 28?, coil 232 to positive. This energizes. relay 230.Relay 255 looks itself in through the circuit from positive through coil232,'contact arm 2'35, arm 255, wire 253, arm C i 55, arm Ci 52 tonegative. At the same time, it completes a circuit for relay C13? frompositive, wire 25!, contact 235, arm wire 245, contact 243, arm 259 tonegative. This energizes relay C53! causing it to advance digit wheelC158 one step. Operation of relay CH3? breaks the holding circuit forrelay 2535 by opening contacts C152 and C155. Thus relay 230 is restoredto normal and the circuit is ready for the next operation.

Operation of the circuit for subtraction When a subtracting operation isto be performedthe switch arms 9'1, 98 are closed by the subtractingkey, as heretofore described. Arm 9'5 is connected to negative powersupply, and arm 93 is connected by wire 295 to one side of coil 15'! ofsolenoid D. The other side of said coil is connected to positive powersupply. Consequently, when the'subtract button is operatedcoil 16? isenergized and the arms 1'12, are moved into engagement with the fixedcontacts 1'13, 116, as heretofore described. In addition the gearswithin the totalizer T become arranged so that each pulse received bythe coils A131, B131 andClai subtract one digit from their respectivecounter wheels. Consequently the number pulsed by the keyboard pulsersis subtracted from the counter total.

It is understood that for subtraction, the transfer of digits from onewheel to the next must be accomplished when a wheel is reversed fromzero to 9, instead of when the wheel is-advanced from 9 to zero as isdone in addition.

To this end, there are provided the contacts A190, A191 and B190, B191on the totalizer T which are closed when the corresponding digit wheelis at zero. Normally, said contacts are inoperative because the armsA190, B are connected, respectively, to the contacts 113, I16 which areopen circuited. However, when a subtracting operation is to beperformed, the arms 1'12, 175 are brought into engagement with thecontacts 1'13, 1'16 thus rendering the subtracting switches A190, A191and B190, B191 operative while, at the same time, disconnecting theadding switches A190,A195 andB194,B195.

Thus, during subtraction when wheel A158 resets on zero and its crankarm is pivoted for reversing said wheel to .9," the relay 231 isenergized through a circuit from negative power supply, arm A152,contact A153, wire 2'14, contact A191, arm A190, wire 281, contact 1'13,arm 1T2, wire 285, coil 23'! to positive power supply. After the pulsingis completed the coil B13! is energized in the manner similar to thatheretofore described and the wheel B158 is retracted one digit.

Similarly, when wheel B158 is being reversed from zero to 9, relay 230is energized through the circuit from negative power supply, arm B152,contact B153, wire 2T5, contact B191, arm B190, wire 282, contact H5,arm 1'15, wire 287, coil 232, to positive power supply. After thepulsing is completed the relay 242 is released and the coil C131energized in the manner similar to that heretofore described. It istherefore seen the electric circuit E provides means for adding thenumber set up by the depressed keys on the keyboard to the totalizerwhen the add button is do. pressed, and to subtract the number when thesubtract button is depressed.

It will furthermore be understood that, although the circuit illustratedin Fig. 15 includes only three digit wheels, said circuit may be expandedto include as many digit wheels as desired. L1 such case, eachadditional digit wheel'will be provided with the necessary contact armssuch as solenoid B, and interconnected in the circuit in a similarmanner. Each additional digit wheel will also require an additionalrelay similar to relay 235, 231 and additional contact. arms on therelay 252 similar to the arms 246, 249 and interconnected into thecircuit in the same manner.

The resetting operation of the circuit Means is also provided to resetthe counter wheels to zero when a new series of additions orsubtractions are to be performed. To this end, there is provided relay249 having three actuating coils 255, 25f and 252 controlling fournormally open switch arms 253, 255, 255 and 250. When either of thecoils 250, 251 or 252 is energized, the arms 253, 255, 255 and 256 aremoved into engagement with the fixed contacts 251, 258, 259 and 260,respectively.

17 Coils 250, 251, and .252 have one end thereof connected together andto positive power supply, and have their other end connected by wires223, 2'12 and 2'11 to the contact arms A151, B151 and C151,respectively, or the totalizer T.

The fixed contact 251 is connected by wire 25'! to the contact armsA193, B193 and C193 of the totalizer. Fixed contact 258 is connected bywire 298 to the contact A150. Contact 259 is connected by wire 209 tothe contact B159. Contact 255 is connected by wire 210 to the contactC155.

Switch arm 253 is connected to the negative power supply. Switch arm 254is connected by wire 264 and 251 to the coil A131. Switch arm 255 isconnected by wires 265 and 252 to the coil B131. Switch arms 256 isconnected by wires 265 and 253 to coil C131.

Contact A192 of the totalizer T is connected by wires 2113, 2'13 to theswitch arm A151. Contact B152 is connected by wires 234, 2'12 to armB151. Contact C192 is connected by wire 285 and 2'11 to arm C151.

A normally open switch 221, of any suitable type, is provided forinitiating the resetting operation. One terminal of said switch isconnected by wire 302 to the negative power supply and the otherterminal is connected by wire 323 to coil 250 of relay 249.

When the switch 221 is closed, coil 2511 Of relay 249 is energizedthrough a circuit from negative power supply, wire 302, switch 221, wire303. coil 250, to positive power supply. As the relay 249 is actuatedthe arms 253, 254, 255 and 255 are brought into engagement with thefixed contacts 252, 258, 259 and 260, respectively.

The closing of arm 253 completes a circuit for the coils 250, 251, 252.Coil 252 is energized from positive power supply, coil 252, wire 2'11,wire 205, contact C192, arm C193, wire 25?, contact 257, arm 253, tonegative power supply. The contacts C152, C193 are normally closed butbecome open when the wheel C158 has its zero in printing position. It istherefore seen that after re lay 249 has been energized by the closureof switch 221, coil 252 will become energized and will remain inenergized condition as long as the wheel C158 is not positioned at zero.Similarly, coil 251 will become energized through a circuit frompositive power supply, coil 251, wire 2'12, wire 234, contacts B192,B193, wire 257, contacts 251, 253, to negative power supply.Consequently, coil 251 will remain energized as long as wheel B158 isnot in zero position.

In like manner, coil 250 is provided with a holding circuit through thecontacts A192, A153 of solenoid A and will remain energized as long assaid contacts are closed.

Also, the closure of the arm 254 of relay 249 completes a circuitthrough coil A131 of solenoid A, from positive power supply, coil A131,wire 251, wire 264, arm 254, contact 258, wire 2158, contact A150, armA151, wire 2'13, wire 2831, contacts A192, A193, wire 26'1, contacts251, 253, to negative power supply. Energization of coil A131 pivots itscrank arm A143 causing the contacts A150, A151 to open and de-energizesaid coil. As the crank arm 143 is returned by spring 145 the wheel A158is advanced one digit. At the same time, contacts A151, A152 arere-closed again energizing the coil A131 and repeating the operation.The cycle is continually repeated until the wheel A158 is advanced tozero, and the contacts A192, A193 are open. The opening of said contactsA192, A193 permanently disrupt the oscillating circuit for energizationof coil A131 18 preventing oscillation of the crank arm A143 and thewheel A158 is positioned at zero. The opening of contacts A192, A193also de-energizes the coil 255 of relay 243 as heretofore explained.

The closure of contacts 255, 255 of relay 249 closes a similaroscillating circuit through coil B131 of solenoid B from positive powersupply, coil B131, wire 252, wire 255, arm 255, contact 259, wire 2551,contact B155, arm B551, wire 212 wire 284, contact B192, arm B193, wire26?, contact 257, arm 253, to negative power supply. Coil B13? isconsequently repeatedly energized by the oscillation of the switch B151,B and wheel A is advanced to zero. The contacts B192, B193 are thereuponalso prevented further oscillation of the coil B13! and alsode-energizing the coil 251 of relay 249.

Similarly, the closure of contacts 255, 260 of relay 245 closes anoscillating circuit for coil C131 involving the switch arms Ci51, C155and the switch C152, C193. Wheel C158 is consequently advanced to zeroand the coil 252 of relay 249 Lie-energized.

It is seen therefore that when relay 2 .9 is energized by closure of theswitch 22?, the wheels A159, B158 and C153 will be concurrently advancedto zero. Furthermore, as heretofore described, the coils 252, 251, 258of relay 249 are maintained energized as long as the switches C192,C155; B152, B153; and A192, A193 are closed. Consequently, as soon asany wheel reaches zero position, corresponding coil of relay 245 isdeenergized. When all the wheels reach zero position, all the coils inrelay 259 are de-energized thus returning the circuit to normalcondition with the counter wheels all set to zero.

It is to be noted that although the tens and hundreds transfer circuitsare operative as described for the adding process previously, the tensand hundreds digit wheels will continue to rotate until all carry havebeen eii'ected and the units, tens and hundreds wheel have beensuccessively zeroized since relay 245 remains energized as long as anyof the wheels is not at zero. Thus if a transfer, for instance, iseifected when the units wheel passes from 9 to 0, and the tens wheel isalready at 0, it will move to 1 and keep relay 2 19 energized. A similarthing will occur when a transfer is effected from the tens to thehundreds wheel.

Printing records of the counter total may be obtained by any suitableplaten such as p ate 225 energized by a coil 22% through a push buttonswitch 381. l'he reset switch 221 may be released by a fixed contact anda contact arm 222i) actuated by the printing solenoid so that wheneverthe solenoid is energized for making a print, a switch 2221c, .fiib willbe closed. Thus, the reset relay will be automatically energized eachtime a print is taken and the totalizer T will be automatically reset tozero.

t will also be seen that if additional digit wheels are provided on thetotalizer T a reset circuit similar to that described for the solenoidsA, B and C may be used. Additional contacts may be provided on the relay249 which can be interconnected to the additional solenoid in a mannersimilar to that heretofore described.

It will thus be seen that there is provided a device in which theseveral objects of this invention are achieved and which is well adaptedto meet the conditions of practical use.

As various possible embodiments might be made of the above invention,and as various changes might be made in the embodiment above set forth,it is to be understood that all matter herein set forth or shown in theaccompanying drawings is-to be interpreted as illustrative and not in alimiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

1. In combination, a pair of pulsers, a register comprising anelectromagnet for each pulser, a digit wheel associated with eachelectromagnet, means controlled by each electromagnet to advance itsdigit wheel once each time its electromagnet receives a pulse from itspulser, said digit wheels being of successively higher order and mountedon a common axis, a relay associated with the electromagnet of lowerorder, means to energize said relay upon movement of the digit wheel oflower order through 9 to 0, means to operate said puisers, a normallyoff contact means, means to close said contact upon operation of saidoperating means and to open said contact upon completion of operation ofsaid operating means, a holding circuit for said relay through saidcontact means, a second holding circuit for said relay controlled by thedigit wheel advancing means for the electroma net of higher order, saidfirst holding circuit being adapted to be broken upon completion ofoperation of the pulse operating means, and means controlled by saidrelay and by said contact, and effective upon breaking of the firstholding circuit to energize the electromagnet of higher order, wherebythe wheel of the higher order is advanced an extra step and said secondholding circuit is broken.

2. In combination, a pair of electromagnets, a digit wheel actuated byeach electromagnet, a relay, a pair of switches, means to closeadvancement of one of said digit wheels to 9, means to close the otherof said switches upon operation of electromagnet to advance said digitwheel from 9 to 0, means to energize said relay upon both of saidswitches being closed, and means controlled by said energized relay tosend a pulse to said other electromagnet to advance its digit wheel onedigit.

3. In combination, a pulser, means to actuate said pulser, anelectromagnet adapted to receive pulses from said pulser, a secondelectromagnet,

a digit wheel actuated by each electromagnet, the digit wheel of thesecond electromagnet being of successively higher order than the digitwheel of the first electromagnet, a relay for the first of saidelectromagnets, a pair of switches associated with the first of saidelectromagnets, means to close one of said switches when the digit Wheelof the first electromagnet moves from 8 to 9, mean-s to close the otherof said switches when said electromagnet is energized to move its digitwheel through 9 to 0, means to energize said relay when both of saidswitches have been closed, a holding circuit for said relay, including aswitch controlled by the second electromagnet, a second holding circuitfor said relay controlled by the pulse operating means, means controlledby said pulse operating means to retain said second holding circuit inenergized condition during the pulsing operation, and. to break saidsecond holding circuit upon the termination of the pulsing operation,and means eifective upon breaking the second holding circuit, andcontrolled by said relay to pulse said second electromagnet to advanceits digit wheel one extra step, and to break said first holding circuit.

4. In combination, a pair of pulsars, a register comprising anelectromagnet for each pulser, a

digit wheel associated with each electromagnet, means controlled by eachelectromagnetto advance its digit wheel once each time its electroemagnet receives. apulse from'its pulser, said digit wheel-s being ofsuccessively higherord'e'r and mounted on a'common :axis,t'a relayassociated with the electromagnet of lower order, means to energize saidrelay upon movement of the digit wheel of lower'o'rderthrough 9" to 0,means to operate said pulsers,a normally 01f contact, means to close.said contact upon operation of said operating means and to open saidcontact upon completion of operation of said operating means, a holdingcircuit for said relay through said contact, a second holding circuitfor said relay controlled by thev digit wheel advancing means for theelectromagnet of higher order, means to break said first holding circuitupon completion of operation of the pulse operating means, meanscontrolled by said relay and by said contact means to energize theelectromagnet of higher order, efiective upon breaking of the firstholding circuit, the means forenergizing said relay including a pair ofswitches, means to actuate one of said pair of switches upon movement ofthe digit wheel for said electromagnet of lower order to 9, and means toactuate the second of contact and effective upon a breaking of the firstholding circuit, to energize the electromagnet of higher order, wherebythe wheel of the higher order is advanced an extra step and said secondholding circuit is broken.

5. In a, calculating machine having a pair of register wheels ofadjoining denominational orders, a pair of electromagnets each forstepping one of said wheels, pulser means for energizing saidelectrcmagnets to eife'ct entries into said wheels, reversible drivemeans intermediate said electromagnets and register wheels to effectadditive or subtractive entries, and means for selectively conditioningsaid drive means; the combination of tens transfer means intermediatesaid register wheels comprising a transfer relay, a circuit forcontrolling said relay, transfer initiating contacts in said circuitclosed by the wheel of lower order when in nine position, other transferinitiating contacts closed by said wheel of lower order when in zeroposition, further contacts in series with either of the above transferinitiating contacts and closed by the stepping electromagnet uponenergization thereof to pick up said transfer relay either through saidfirst or second transfer initiating contacts as the register wheel oflower order advances from nine to zero or zero to nine, means controlledby said drive conditioning means to selectively enable one or the otherof said transfer initiating contacts, a transfer effecting circuitcontrolled by said relay whereby a transfer pulse is transmitted to theelectromagnet of the higher order to impart an extra step to the higherorder wheel, and means for holding said relay until a transfer operationof the higher order electromagnet is initiated.

6. In a machine according to the claim 5 wherein said holding meanscomprisesa holding circuit associated with said pulser means to holdsaid relay during entry of values in the register, and further holdingcircuit controlled by the electromagnet of the higher order.

'7. A machine according to claim 5 wherein said holding means comprisesa holding circuit REFERENCES CITED The following references are ofrecord in the tile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 988,327 Foster Apr. 4, 19111,692,411 Kassner Nov. 20, 1928 Number 22 Name Date Baltisser- Apr, 3,1917 Reynolds Oct. 10, 1933 Tauschek Sept. 21, 1937 Sears June 21, 1910Greenup Mar. 28, 1916 Weiss Aug. 31, 1886 Lincoln 1- Oct. 9, 1888Pieifer Mar. 26, 1889 Ehrlich Aug. 1, 1893 Suren Oct. 9, 1928 FletcherJune 2, 1942 Cooper Aug. 3, 1943 Smith Oct. 24, 1939 Furber Feb. 20,1940 Stickney Dec. 17, 1918 Landsiedel Nov. 15, 1927 Kammel Mar. 15,1938 Francis et a1. Jan. 20, 1931 Certificate of Correction Patent No.2,436,790. March 2, 1948. BENJAMIN COOPER It is hereby certified thaterrors appear in the printed specification of the above numbered patentrequiring correction as follows:

Column 19, line 37, after the Word close insert one of said switchesupon; line 40, before electromagnet insert said;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these correctionstherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of November, A. D. 1949.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Gammz'ssz'oner of Patents.

Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,436,790. March 2, 1948.

BENJAMIN COOPER It is hereby certified that errors appear in the printedspecification of the above numbered patent requiring correction asfollows:

Column 19, line 37, after the word close insert one of said switchesupon; line 40, before electromagnet insert said;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read With these correctionstherein that the same may conform to the record or" the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of November, A. D. 1949.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents.

